The Reflection of Indian Style Characteristics in Haji Qadir's Poems

Abstract

This study is under the title of "The Reflection of Indian Style Characteristics in Haji Qadir's Poems", which attempts to identify concepts, terms, areas of work and how this type of style is reflected in literature. The Indian style emerged with the accession of Shah Ismail the Safavid in Iran. From the beginning of the tenth century to the middle of the eleventh century Alhijri, it was common in Iran, India and Asia for 150 years. The distinctive characteristics of this style have influenced poets and writers from three perspectives: linguistic, intellectual and literary. The literature of the nations of the region in general and Persian literature in particular are divided into Khorasan, Iraqi and Indian styles. Style can be defined as characteristics (linguistic, intellectual and literary) that are common in a certain period and followed by poets.

Regarding the reflection of this style in ancient Kurdish literature, it came into Kurdish literature under the influence of Persian literature and poets, and Kurdish poets followed this kind of style, in which the reflection of the Indian style in the poetry of poets in general and for Haji Qadir is significant and meaningful. The paper aims to demonstrate and reflect the characteristics (linguistic, intellectual and literary) of this style in Haji Qadir's poems, based on the evidence and methodological arguments that he followed in his poems. The study employs a descriptive-analytical method and shows that all three prominent features of Indian style (linguistic, intellectual and literary) are clearly expressed in his poems. Linguistically, the use of new words, simplification of language and loading of language and recharging with proverbs and advice, a large number of poems by the poet, great attention to poetic content at the expense of poetic language are all significant in his poetry. Intellectually, he paid attention to boredom, pessimism and exaggeration of the subject in his poems. In terms of literary form, he paid attention to the poetic form of ghazal, single verse, rhythm and rhyme, and the art of rhetoric in his poems.