This study examines the rebellion of the military commander Shahrbaraz and its impact on the political situation of the Sasanian Empire. Shahrbaraz was one of the most prominent generals during the reign of King Khosrow II (Khosrow Parviz) and belonged to the Arsacid lineage of the Mihran family. He played a decisive role in the Sasanian victories against the Byzantine Empire and significantly influenced the course of internal political events.

Amid escalating internal turmoil and with the support of some military leaders and the Byzantine Empire, Shahrbaraz led a military coup in 628 CE that overthrew the central authority and installed himself as king. However, his rule was short-lived due to opposition from noble families and the Zoroastrian clergy, ultimately leading to his assassination.

Relying on various historical sources, this paper sheds light on the political conditions in the Sasanian Empire during the reign of Khosrow II (590–628 CE), his complex relations with the Sassanian state.