Performance and Improvisation characteristics among Oriental Modes

Abstract

This study emphasizes how to perform and improvise oriental modes, especially within a system of maqam. It strives to unearth aspects hidden in formal research about how mode structures are interpreted and developed through live performance, often guided by oral tradition and individual expression. The aim is to understand the artistic and technical characteristics of improvisation within this musical system. The research uses methods such as note-taking and field exploration through follower interviews and analysis to understand the shapes and textures of modes, changing tones and ornaments. Research also shows that improvisation follows established cultural rules but at the same time allows for freedom of expression through creative quartet shifts and phrases. Here, different cultures influence the way mode is interpreted. The study also proposes to combine ear and throat exercises, oral methods and mode analysis through an instructional exercise in order to preserve and enhance oriental vocal music forms. Overall, the study offers valuable insights into Eastern mode music performance practices and supports further academic and artistic engagement.