The role of the international community in the cause of the independence of peoples after the cold war A comparative study

االسخاذ امىساغد امدكخِر كىال غتداهلل خسي امجاف

doi:10.25212/lfu.qzj.3.2.09

توێژەران

االسخاذ امىساغد امدكخِر كىال غتداهلل خسي امجاف ني٘ح اىٕئم اىك٘ةقح/صةٌٕح اىكيٍ٘ةُ٘ح

##semicolon##

https://doi.org/10.25212/lfu.qzj.3.2.09

##semicolon##

International community, peoples, cold war, independence, agreement, self-determination, crisis, peaceful communication

پوختە

The will of the actors in the international community seeks to achieve their interests and the stability of their national security through their foreign policies and their cooperation at the international and regional levels on international issues. This endeavor may or may not coincide with the principles of international law and international conventions, Which witnessed the development of events since the beginning of the twentieth century. After the end of the Cold War, the will of the international community was able to address a number of issues of peoples' independence, as in the case of the people of Kosovo, but failed to reach suitable solutions to address the issue of the people of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The process of intervention by the international community in the internal conflicts after the Cold War has been a distinct case for the United Nations the face of these crises, but the difficulty of resolving some of them is related to the interests of the great powers and the interests of the parties to
the crisis. The alternative to war is the agreement on political arrangements that accommodate the interests of all. The international community does not support the criterion of dividing countries to resolve internal conflicts, because the process of dividing countries between the conflicting parties is not a solution supported by most countries, because of maintaining their territorial integrity and ability The protection of its citizens, and may lead to an escalation of tension in society, so the
operation within the State is considered the preferred option.

##plugins.generic.usageStats.downloads##

##plugins.generic.usageStats.noStats##

سەرچاوەکان

اْةرون نيٍ٘ةن، اىِْةم اىٕةىٍٖ اىضؽٗؽ ودكٔٗح ازٌح اىنؿق االوقٍ، دؿصٍح ثؽرٔل٘يٖ، دار اىضي٘و ىيِنؿ،ٍٔةن، 1993 ،

.أظٍؽ اثؿاًْ٘ ٌعٍٔد، اىىٌٔةل ثَ٘ آُ٘ةر اىؽوىح واىٍىةىعح اىَِٔ٘ح، ٌؿنـ اىؽراقةت اىك٘ةق٘ح واالقذؿاد٘ض٘ح، اىلةْؿة، ،2005

.ث٘ي٘ف وقٍ٘ر ، ٔٔىٍح اىك٘ةقح اىٕةىٍ٘ح، ٌؿنـ اىؼي٘ش ىالثعةث ، دثٖ، 2004 ،

.ث٘ذؿو غةىجؿٗر، ُٓةٗح اىٕؿاق، دؿصٍح أٗةد أظٍؽ، دار اىٕؿث٘ح ىيٕئم ، ث٘ؿوت، 2007 ،

.صالل اىُةىجةُٖ، نؿدقذةن واىعؿنح اىلٌٔ٘ح اىهؿدٗح، دار اىُيٕ٘ح، ث٘ؿوت، ط2 ، 1971

.صي٘يٖ صي٘و، اىعؿنح اىهؿدٗح فٖ اىٕىؿ اىعؽٗر، دؿصٍح ٔجؽي ظةصٖ، دار اىؿازي، ث٘ؿوت، 1992

.ظهٍخ ٌعٍؽ نؿًٗ) ٌال ثؼذ٘ةر(، ظهٍخ ٌعٍؽ نؿًٗ) ٌال ثؼذ٘ةر(، زٔرة نٔردقذةن وٌذغ٘ؿات اىٕىؿ، دؿصٍح د . ثِؽر ٔيٖ

انجؿ، ٌِنٔرات انةدٍٗ٘ح اىذٔٔ٘ح ودأْ٘و اىهٔادر، اىكيٍ٘ةُ٘ح، ط3 ،2011 ،

.قّ روه ر ٔجؽاىؿظٍَ ٍٔؿ، االقذٕؽاد ىجؽاٗح زٔرة 1975 – 1976ٌ ،ؿنـ ٍُة ىيُجةٔح واىذٔزٗٓ،اىكيٍ٘ةُ٘ح، 2002

.والح اىؼؿقةن، اىذ٘ةرات اىك٘ةق٘ح فٖ نؿدقذةن اىٕؿاق،1946 – 2001ٌ ،ؤقكح ثالغ، ث٘ؿوت، 2001 ،

ٔ .جؽاىؿزاق اىعكِٖ، دأرٗغ اىٕؿاق اىك٘ةقٖ اىعؽٗر، دار اىنؤون اىسلةف٘ح، ثغؽاد، ج2 ،ط7 ،

ٍٔ .ةر ٔيٖ اىكةٌؿ، مٍةل اىٕؿاق 1958 –1975 ،اىٍؿنـ اىٕؿثٖ ىالثعةث ودراقح اىك٘ةقةت، ث٘ؿوت، 2012،

ٌ .عٍؽ اىك٘ؽ قيً٘، دُٔر اىك٘ةقح اىؽوى٘ح فٖ اىلؿَُ٘ اىذةقٓ ٔنؿ واىٕنؿَٗ، دار اىفضؿىيِنؿ، اىلةْؿة،2002 ،

ٌ .عٍٔد اىٍال ٔـت، صٍٓٔرٗح نؿدقذةن، ٌُجٕح كةُٓ، ط2 ،2003 ،

ٌ .كٕٔد اىجةرزاُٖ، اىجةرزاُٖ واىعؿنح اىذعؿرٗح اىهؿدٗح، زٔرة 1943- 1945 ،نؿدقذةن، 1986

ٌ .هؿم اىُةىجةُٖ، ٌؿاظو دُٔر اىعؿنح اىلٌٔ٘ح اىهؿدٗح، ٌؤقكح ظٍؽي ىيُجةٔح واىِنؿ، اىكيٍ٘ةُ٘ح، 2009 ،

ٌِ٘ .ؿ زْؿان، االًٌ اىٍذعؽة وثِةء اىكالم، ٌضيح اىك٘ةقح اىؽوى٘ح، ٌؿنـ اىؽراقةت اىك٘ةق٘ح واالقذؿاد٘ض٘ح، اىلةْؿة، ،2005

.اىٔزةاق اىؿقٍ٘ح ىيضٍٕ٘ح اىٕةٌح ىٕةم )2008 ،)اىٔز٘لح .2- 1.p.p.3/ 63/ RES/ A.

. اىٔزةاق اىؿقٍ٘ح ىيضٍٕ٘ح اىٕةٌح ىٕةم )2010 ،)اىٔز٘لح 67.p.4/ 65/ A.

.اىٔزةاق اىؿقٍ٘ح ىٍضيف األٌَ ىٕةم 1999 ،اىٔز٘لح . (1999 ( 1244/ RES/ S.

اىٔزةاق اىؿقٍ٘ح ىٍضيف األٌَ ىٕةم 1999 ،اىٔزةاق (1998 ( 1203/ RES/ S) ،1999 ( 1199/ RES/ S.

اىٔزةاق اىؿقٍ٘ح ىٍضيف األٌَ ىٕةم 1999 ،اىٔزةاق (1998 ( 1203/ RES/ S،1999 ( 1199/ RES/ S

.أظٍؽ اىؿم٘ؽي، ّةْؿة اىٕٔىٍح وٌجؽأ اىك٘ةدة اىَِٔ٘ح، ٌضيح اىك٘ةقح اىؽوى٘ح، اىلةْؿة، اىٕؽد117 ،1994،

.د. قٕؽي اىجؿزُضٖ، ثؽاٗح ّٓٔر اىِْةم اىٕةىٍٖ اىضؽٗؽ، ٌضيح نٔالن اىٕؿثٖ، ارث٘و، 1999.

ٔ .ؽُةن اىٍفذٖ، ثِةء اىؽوىح اىٕؿاك٘ح..رؤٗح نؿدٗح، ٌضيح اىك٘ةقح اىؽوى٘ح، اىلةْؿة، 2005.

. p. O. Reily,”Perceiving Rogue State , the use of Rogue State Concept by U. S. A. Foreign Policy Elites” Foreign Policy Analysis, No.3 (2007) .

Charles T. Call and Elizabeth M. Cousins , Ending Wars and Building Peace ( New York, International Peace Academy, 2007),

Carsten Stahn, Law and Practice of International Territorial Administration, Versailles to Iraq and

Beyond (New York, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2008,

Michael Lipson,” peacekeeping: Organized Hypocrisy” Eutopean Joutnal of Internal Relations, Vol.13,No1(2007)

Nele Metz ,” Civilization and the mandate System Under the league of Nation as Origin of Trust ship” Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law,Vol.9,(2009),

Roland Paris, Peace building and the limits of Liberal International, International Security,Vol22, 1997

OECD, ”Supporting State Building in Situations of Conflict and Fragility: Policy Guidance “ (OECD Publishing,2011)