A Thematic Analysis of Maria Irene Fornes’ Fefu And Her Friends in A Psychoanalytic Feminist Approach.

A Part of an MA Thesis entitled as “Interdisciplinary Feminism: A Thematic Study of Maria Irene Fornes’ Fefu and Her Friends and Caryl Churchill’s Top Girls”

المؤلفون

  • Avan Taha Saleh Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region Iraq
  • Tara Dabbagh Department of English Language, College of Languages, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25212/lfu.qzj.6.1.27

الكلمات المفتاحية:

Psychoanalytic Feminism, Fornes, Oedipus Complex, the Symbolic Order, Gendered Identity

الملخص

The quest for a female subjectivity and a unique female voice that is neither the derivation nor the other version of that of the male has long been one of the main concerns of feminism. However, with the advent of psychoanalysis and its predominance in the world of literary theory and criticism, feminists could finally arrive at the theoretical basis for their assumptions about the nature of femininity through which they tried to, on the one hand, explore the possibilities of formulating a subjective female entity, and on the other, challenge the hindrances that stand in the way of achieving a female individuality. Psychoanalytic feminism, as the main focus of this paper, is best seen as merging between the principles of feminism and psychoanalysis to shed light on the deep-rooted gender stereotypes that make patriarchy unavoidable.

This paper attempts to show how feminism and psychoanalysis work together through a thematic analysis of Maria Irene Fornes’ play, Fefu and Her Friends (1977). The play which consists of an all-female cast, gives various encounters of female issues in a male-dominated environment. Both the play Fefu and Her Friends and the approach of psychoanalytical feminism work reciprocally throughout the paper to highlight the internal psychological struggles of women based on sex/gender, to show how women view and place themselves in a male-dominated society, and how they value their relationship with both themselves and their surroundings

 

التنزيلات

بيانات التنزيل غير متوفرة بعد.

المراجع

Barry, P. (2009). Beginning theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural

Theory. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Bertens, H. (2008). Literary Theory: The Basics. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.

Bowlby, R. (1989) In: Brennan, T., ed., Between Feminism and Psychoanalysis. London:

Routledge, p.48.

Braidotti, R. (1989). ‘The Politics of Ontological Difference’. In: Brennan, T.,

(ed.), Between Feminism and Psychoanalysis. London: Routledge, pp. 89-102.

Brennan, T. ed., (1989). Between Feminism and Psychoanalysis. London:

Routledge, pp.1-14.

Bressler, C. (2011). Literary criticism. Boston: Pearson Longman.

Buhle, M. J. (1998). Feminism and its Discontents: A Century of Struggle with

Psychoanalysis. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Butler, J. (1999). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York:

Routledge.

Cixous, H., Clement, C. (1986). The Newly Born Woman. Translated by B. wing.

Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Dobie, A. B. (2015) Theory into Practice: An Introduction to Literary Criticism.

Stamford: Cengage Learning.

Ehlers, N. (2016). ‘Identities’. In: L. Disch and M. Hawkesworth, ed., The Oxford

Handbook of Feminist Theory. New York: Oxford University Press, pp.346-366.

Fornes, M. (1978). ‘Play: Fefu and Her Friends’. Performing Arts Journal, 2(3), pp. 112

Gilligan, C. (1993). In a different voice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Guerin, W. Labor, E., Morgan, L., Reesman, J. and Willingham, J. (2011). A Handbook of

Critical Approaches to Literature. 6th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hughes, D. (2000). Fefu and Her Friends (1977) – Long Pauses. [online] Longpauses. com.

Retrieved from https://www.longpauses.com/fefu-and-her-friends-1977/ [Accessed 10

Dec, 2018]

Irigaray, L. (1993a). Je, Tu, Nous: Toward a Culture of Difference. Translated by A.

Martin. London: Routledge.

Irigaray, L. (1993b). An Ethics of Sexual Difference. Translated by C. Burke and C. Gill.

New York: Cornell University Press.

Irigaray, L. (2004). ‘The Power of Discourse and the Subordination of the Feminine’. In:

Rivkin, J. and Ryan, M. ed., (2004). Literary Theory: an Anthology. 2nd ed. Malden,

MA: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 795-799.

Kahn, C. (2004). ‘The Hand That Rocks the Cradle’. In: Rivkin, J. and Ryan, M. ed.,

Literary Theory: an Anthology. 2nd ed. Malden, MA:

Blackwell Publishing, pp. 826-834.

Marks, E. and De Courtivron, I. (1981). New French Feminisms. New York: Schocken

Books.

Mitchell, J. (2000). Psychoanalysis and Feminism: A Radical Reassessment of Freudian

Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.

Murray, P. (2001). Fefu and Her Friends (Encyclopedia.com). [online] Available at:

https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/fefu-and-her-friends [Accessed

Feb 2018].

O’Grady, H. (2005). Woman's Relationship with Herself: Gender Foucault and Therapy.

London: Routledge.

Rivkin, J. and Ryan, M. ed., (2004). Literary Theory: an Anthology. 2nd ed. Malden, MA:

Blackwell Publishing, pp.389-396.

Robinson, M. (1997). The Other American Drama. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins

University Press.

Saddik, A. (2007). Contemporary American Drama. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University

Press.

Shibley Hyde, J. and Beth Oliver, M. (2000). Gender Differences in Sexuality: Results

from Meta-analysis. In: C. Brown Travis and J. W. White, ed., Sexuality, Society, and

Feminism. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, pp.57-77.

Stone, A. (2016). ‘Sexual Difference’. In: L. Disch and M. Hawkesworth, ed., The Oxford

Handbook of Feminist Theory. New York: Oxford University Press, pp.874-893.

Tong, R. (2014). Feminist thought. 4th ed. Boulder: Westview Press.

Tyson, L. (2015). Critical theory today. 3rd ed. London: Routledge.

Ullman, C. (2008). Fefu and Her Friends (Encyclopedia.com). [online] Retrieved from

https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/fefu-and-her-friends [Accessed

Feb 2018].

Vice, S. (1998). ‘Psychoanalytic Feminist Theory’. In: S. Jackson and J. Jones,

ed., Contemporary Feminist Theories. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University

Press, pp.162-176.

Vigoya, M.V. (2016). ‘Sex/Gender’. In: L. Disch and M. Hawkesworth, ed., The Oxford

Handbook of Feminist Theory. New York: Oxford University Press, pp.852-873.

Wilson, E. and Goldfarb, A. (2000). Living Theatre: A History. 3rd ed. Boston: McGraw

Hill.

Zakin, E. (2011). Psychoanalytic Feminism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy).

[online]. Plato.stanford.edu. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism

psychoanalysis/. [Accessed 18 Oct, 2018].

التنزيلات

منشور

2021-03-30

كيفية الاقتباس

Avan Taha Saleh, & Tara Dabbagh. (2021). A Thematic Analysis of Maria Irene Fornes’ Fefu And Her Friends in A Psychoanalytic Feminist Approach.: A Part of an MA Thesis entitled as “Interdisciplinary Feminism: A Thematic Study of Maria Irene Fornes’ Fefu and Her Friends and Caryl Churchill’s Top Girls”. QALAAI ZANIST JOURNAL, 6(1), 735–775. https://doi.org/10.25212/lfu.qzj.6.1.27

إصدار

القسم

Articles