Shia Militia efforts to establish a deep state in Iraq after 2014

Abstract

This study attempts to highlight the role of Shiite religious militias in the formation of deep state, especially after the withdrawal of U.S forces from Iraq in 2011, which coincided with the creation of a gap for these religious groups and militias to infiltrate the institutions The official state institutions were able to establish their hegemony and interests in the sensitive joints of the state and play a major role in the political process. The power of religious militias in Iraq has expanded to such an extent that the official power of the institutions has fallen completely under the domination of religious groups. Therefore, the political authorities and official state institutions currently direct public policy based on the interests of these groups and militias.