The impact of the fairness approach on developing the intellectual framework of accounting and its reflection on the functions of measurement and disclosure : An analytical study of the opinions of a sample of academics in Iraqi universities

Abstract

The study aims to identify the concept and importance of accounting fairness and its three criteria (benefit, equality and justice, neutrality) in an attempt to develop the intellectual framework of accounting and how it is reflected in the function of accounting measurement, and for the purpose of clarifying the difficulties that have been over the years in trying to confront the difficulties that have been over the years in trying to develop the intellectual framework of accounting in a consistent and integrated manner through a set of approaches and approaches that academics and organizations have tried to develop a structure for the intellectual framework of accounting theory.

The theoretical aspect of the study dealt with presenting the relationship and impact of the concept of equity in developing the intellectual framework through the study problem, which indicates that there was not enough attention to the equity approach in building and developing the current accounting intellectual framework. To achieve the study objectives and test its hypotheses, the study relied on the primary data. It was investigated through the main tool of the study (the questionnaire), which was designed based on previous studies and the theoretical framework of accounting theory and its components. The opinions of a sample of academics in Iraqi universities were surveyed on the subject, and (50) professors and assistant professors with a doctorate degree were selected. The study relied on the method of descriptive statistical analysis and analysis of the study variables and testing its hypotheses using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SSPS).

The most important results of the study that the researcher reached are the theoretical aspect: 1. The fairness approach based on the criteria of benefit, equality, justice and neutrality meets the requirements of the social nature of accounting as well as ensuring the acceptance of accounting methods and applications by most of the beneficiary parties, 2. The fairness approach contributes to developing the intellectual framework of accounting in meeting the requirements of the accounting measurement function due to its impact on determining the appropriate methods and procedures for accounting measurement tools characterized by benefit, equality, justice and neutrality, 3. The fairness approach contributes to developing the intellectual framework of accounting in meeting the requirements of the accounting disclosure function characterized by achieving the desires of the beneficiary parties from their need for multiple accounting information. As for the conclusions of the practical aspect: There is an interconnected and integrated relationship between the fairness approach and the components of the intellectual framework of accounting theory due to its impact and reflection on the accounting measurement function,

The study concluded with several recommendations, the most important of which is that adopting the fairness approach through its three criteria (the fairness and equality criterion, the benefit criterion, and the neutrality criterion) in developing the intellectual framework of the current accounting theory has a significant impact on achieving the objectives of the measurement function.