Foucault, Fairclough and Post-Development Discourse Analysis

Authors

  • Dana Ibrahim Ahmed Department of English, College of Basic Education, University of Raparin, Ranya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25212/lfu.qzj.6.4.34

Keywords:

Post-Development, Critical Discourse Analysis, Foucault, Fairclough

Abstract

Post-Development-inspired thinking is rooted in a critical view of modernity from a Post-Modern perspective. This field is strongly influenced by the thoughts and works of Michel Foucault. Studies in this direction have been done to analyze the concept of development to reveal the role and function of power and knowledge in the discourse of development. This article explores the topic of Post-Development, which reveals the concept of Post-Development through a review of Foucault's thought and intellectual framework and some of the initial and incorrect interpretations left out in this regard.

All these analyses are carried out under the three-layered theoretical framework of Fairclough and especially the third layer of this model, which considers explanation as to the ultimate goal of the study of discourse in relation to society in the field of critical speech analysis. Scattered and weak discussions around this axis are due to the misuse of Foucault's thoughts. Therefore, in this article, we seek to expose the post-Development discourse as much as possible by using Foucault's ideas about knowledge and power, which are the source of development.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Boden, Deirdre (1990). “The World as It Happens: Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis”. Ritzer: 185–213.

Brenner, Neil (1994). “Foucault’s New Functionalism”. Theory and Society 23, no. 5: 679–709.

Brigg, Morgan (2002). “Post-Development, Foucault and the Colonialisation Metaphor”. Third World Quarterly 23, no. 3: 421–436.

Denzin, Norman (1989). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods. 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Edelmen, Mark and Angelique Hangerud (2005). The Anthropology of Development and Globalization, Black Well publication.

Escobar, Arturo (1991). “Anthropology and the Development Encounter: The Making and Marketing of Development Anthropology”. American Ethnologist: A Journal of the American Anthropo¬logical Association 18, no. 4: 658–682.

Escobar, Arturo (1995). Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

ESTEVA, G. (1992). Development. In: W. SACHS (Ed.). The Development Dictionary: A guide to Knowledge as Power. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press. pp. 1-23.

Fairclough, Norman (2001). Language and Power, second edition, Longman, New York.

Fairclough, Norman (1996). Critical Discourse Analysis: A Conversation with Norman Fairclough. Deakin Centre for Education and Change, Faculty of Education, Deakin University.

Fairclough, Norman (1995). Critical Discourse Analysis: the critical study of language. Longman, London.

Fairclough, Norman (1989). Language and Power, first edition, Longman, New York.

Ferguson, James (1994). The Anti-Politics Machine: ‘Development’, Depoliticization, and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Foucault, Michel (1980). Power/Knowledge. Brighton, UK: Harvester Press.

Foucault, Michel (1994). “L’éthique du souci de soicommepratique de la liberté”. Ditsetécrits 1954–1988, Paris: Gallimard, pp. 708–729.

Fraser, Nancy (1989). Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Gledhill, John (2000). Power and its Disguises. Anthropological Perspectives on Politics. 2nd ed. London: Pluto Press.

Green, Maia (2003). “Globalizing Development in Tanzania: Policy Franchising through Par¬ticipatory Project Management.” Critique of Anthropology 23, no. 2: 123–143.

Honneth, Axel (1991). The Critique of Power: Reflective Stages in a Critical Social Theory. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Kapferer, Bruce (2004). “Introduction: The Social Construction of Reductionist Thought and Practice.” Social Analysis 48, no. 3: 151–161.

Kiely, Ray. (1999). “The Last Refuge of the Noble Savage? A Critical Assessment of Post-Devel¬opment Theory.” European Journal of Development Research 11, no. 1: 30–55.

Lewis, David, et al. (2003). “Practice, Power and Meaning: Frame¬work for Studying Organizational Culture in Multi-Agency Rural Development Projects.” Journal of International Development 15, no. 5: 541–557.

Long, Norman. (2004). “Contesting Policy Ideas from Below.” Bøås and McNeill: 24–40.

Maiava, S. (2002). When Development is not ‘Development’? Recognizing unofficial development or practicing post-development?” Massey University.

Mosse, David. (2004). “Is Good Policy Unimplementable? Reflections on the Ethnography of Aid Policy and Practice.” Development and Change 35: 639–671.

Nustad, Knut G. (2003). “Considering Global/Local Relations: Beyond Dualism.”, Glo-balisation, ed. Thomas HyllandEriksen. London: Pluto Press: 122–137

Nustad, Knut G. (1998). Community Leadership and Development Administration in a Dur¬ban Squatter Settlement. PhD diss., University of Cambridge.

Oksala, Johanna (2005). Foucault on Freedom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Orlandini, Barbara (2003). “Consuming ‘Good Governance’ in Thailand.” European Journal of Development Research 15, no. 2: 16–43.

Peet, Richard (1997). “Social Theory, Postmodernism, and the Critique of Development.” Pp: 72–87 Space and Social Theory: Interpreting Modernity and Postmodernity, (ed.) George Benko and Ulf Strohmayer. Oxford: Blackwell.

Pieterse, Jan Nederveen (2000). “After Post-Development.” Third World Quarterly 21, no. 2: 175–191.

Rapport, Nigel, and Joanna Overing (2000). Social and Cultural Anthropology: The Key Con¬cepts. London: Routledge.

Sachs, Wolfgang, ed. (1992). The Development Dictionary: A Guide to Knowledge as Power. London: Zed Books.

Ziai, A. (2004). ‘The Ambivalence of Post-development: Between Reactionary Populism and Radical Democracy’. Third World Quarterly 25(6): 1045-1060.

Downloads

Published

2021-12-30

How to Cite

Dana Ibrahim Ahmed. (2021). Foucault, Fairclough and Post-Development Discourse Analysis. QALAAI ZANIST JOURNAL, 6(4), 955–969. https://doi.org/10.25212/lfu.qzj.6.4.34

Issue

Section

Articles